Professional Behavior

Plagiarism is the use of another person’s words, ideas, or results without giving that person appropriate credit or recycling/reusing one’s original work in another academic exercise. To avoid plagiarism, every direct quotation must be identified by quotation marks or appropriate indentation and both direct quotation and paraphrasing must be cited properly according to the accepted format for the particular discipline or as required by the instructor in a course. Some common examples of plagiarism are:

• Copying word for word (i.e. quoting directly) from an oral, printed, or electronic source without proper attribution.
• Paraphrasing without proper attribution, i.e., presenting in one’s own words another person’s written words or ideas as if they were one’s own.
• Submitting a purchased or downloaded term paper or other materials to satisfy a course requirement.
• Incorporating into ones’ work, graphs, drawings, photographs, diagrams, tables, spreadsheets, computer programs, or other non-textual material from other sources without proper attribution of credit.
• Self-plagiarism (text-recycling), which is the act of reusing (recycling) portions of work that were either previously published or submitted in one assignment to meet the requirements of another assignment without prior permission of the instructors involved and appropriate citation.

Cheating is the use of inappropriate or prohibited materials, information, sources, or aids in any academic exercise. Cheating also includes submitting papers, research results and reports, analyses, etc. as one’s own work when they were, in fact, prepared by others. Some common examples are:

• Receiving research, programming, data collection, or analytical assistance from others or working with another student on an assignment where such help is not permitted.
• Copying another student’s work or answers on a quiz or examination.
• Using or possessing books, notes, calculators, cell phones, or other prohibited devices or materials during a quiz or examination.
• Submitting the same work or major portions thereof to satisfy the requirements of more than one course without permission from the instructors involved.
• Preprogramming a calculator or other electronic device to contain answers, formulas, or other unauthorized information for use during a quiz or examination.
• Acquiring a copy of an examination from an unauthorized source prior to the examination.
• Having a substitute take an examination in one’s place.
• Submitting as one’s own work a term paper or other assignment prepared by someone else.

Fabrication is the invention or falsification of sources, citations, data, or results, and recording or reporting them in any academic exercise. Some examples are:

• Citing a source that does not exist.
• Making up or falsifying evidence or data or other source materials.
• Falsifying or presenting fictional patient information as real to fulfill requirements for work assigned by individual faculty members or clinical preceptors.
• Falsifying research papers or reports by selectively omitting or altering data that do not support one’s conclusions or claimed experimental precision.

Facilitation of dishonesty is knowingly or negligently allowing one’s work to be used by other students without prior approval of the instructor or otherwise aiding others in committing violations of academic integrity. A student who intentionally facilitates a violation of academic integrity can be considered as culpable as the student who receives the impermissible assistance, even if the facilitator does not benefit personally from the violation. Some examples are:

• Collaborating before a quiz or examination to develop methods of exchanging information.
• Knowingly allowing others to copy answers to work on a quiz or examination or assisting others to do so.
• Distributing an examination from an unauthorized source prior to the examination.
• Distributing or selling a term paper to other students.
• Taking an examination for another student.

Academic sabotage is deliberately impeding the academic progress of others. Some examples are:

• Intentionally destroying or obstructing another student’s work.
• Stealing or defacing books, journals, or other library or College materials.
• Altering computer files that contain data, reports or assignments belonging to another student.
• Removing posted or reserve material or otherwise preventing other students’ access to it.